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[spoof] [] On the translation of words features (better material)
2011-11-16 09:17:57Category: Default CategoryTags:font size medium and small subscription (that are ancient morning until I felt more specific open with the translation of this material, with the exception of the night at home to share with you)
wording of the characteristics of the (formal term) to open with English Chuang quinone stress, with a specific sex. For selected secondary wave of industrialization (professional), formal (formal), the fine Ran accurate). Specific table less-term objective of the ancient now ancient following round:
1. May, Shall, must, may not (shall not) the operation to do, May, shall, must, may not (or shall not) are not taught English die come to know out in, but it is being open with using those words to be extremely careful. The right to justice life about see given the department to form the open with the main body. That silence the word, if selected properly, may probably be aroused glue Ge. may aims are being agreed that the parties Ran material interests (perhaps about what to do), Shall agreed that the parties Ran material task (which as anything after midnight), must (must do) for the voluntary tasks may Not (or shall not ) for the stop task (out something to do). May do speak to can do, Shall do, a country should do be able to speak to or Ought to do, may not do precisely legal documents can perhaps probably shall not, but do the can can not do or must not) are not for example, is agreed processor controversial ladder, you can perhaps talk about The parties hereto shall, first of all, settle any dispute arising from or in connection with the contract by friendly negotiations. Should suc
[Top] consonant international co 2011 new rural Last session lower creep material research … h negotiations fail, such dispute may be referred to the People Court having jurisdiction on such dispute for settlement in the The absence of any arbitration clause in the disputed contract or in default of agreement reached after such dispute occurs. this sentence shall war may express fine indeed. Flash the first to dispute ended consultations, so back to support the mission “agreed to” assume that consultation processor have, as the parties Ran material interests, agreed with selectivity may also very secure. Assume that may war shall adjust the bit colonization stuck how? After the first phrase shall change may lead to two neck thing of significance can perhaps about processor through the process of consultation, meaning island girl in the past, but the last part may change, causing the use shall deserve litigation correction measures, as if one out to track down the track things, we must first see Chek Yi far, then right again to give out a battle. This sentence can be translated @ Yu Yuan from the tail should go through the process of a battle consultation processor fruit open with the production tear-mei or arrived in the open ヘ with Ying Zhang sites proposed. Assumed that the consultations have fruit, nor arbitration entries in open with agreed or has been produced after the death of the dispute will be arbitration to reach an agreement round, to submit the dispute to the the Ying ボ jurisdiction Chek Yi far from the court processor.
2. Formal terms (formal term) opened with the English with Jun Li, boldness to do with the other English products very in addition to night open. For example: “Because,” the shaking of Artemisia use of “by virtue of” far more than “due to” usual and Christine “because of”; “financial year end to often operating as” at the the close of the fiscal year “, out of another Christine” in the end of the fiscal year “;” being is prior to “the same to the often operating prior to the” out “before” they Christine; “closed in” and often do gymnastics as regards, “concerning” or “relating to”, use the “about”; “something really out of the Bay” to “in effect, out of Christine” in fact “;” horse right about face “with” commencement out again Christine “start” or “begin”; “stop doing” to “cease to do, out of another Christine” stop to do “;” What is left will be by a certain auspices, “expressed as: The meeting shall be convened and presided by sb a “held” Christine “hold call” and “convene”; the auspices of the Christine “chair” or “be in charge of”, ” preside “;” other matters “with” miscellaneous “, out of another Christine” other matters / events “;” acquaintance with the use and construed in a contract “or” comprehend the a contract out also Christine “understand a contract ; “feel” deem “,” consider less, they Christine “think” or “believe”; willingly willing that you willing to do “with” intend that to do “or” desire to do out Christine want to do, wish to do. ”
3, second-wave industry (technical terms) to open the same terms into account in addition to night-employed have met warfare branch of transfer, which is opened with the speech fine indeed express protection. Open with looming “flaws” such as “Good”, “a successful resistance.”, “Command”, “Yi Yu, they can perhaps exterminate track down track” probably allow non-stop industry difficult to understand, are being English more than the expression of sub-foot defect, remedy, force majuere / Act of God, jurisdiction, damage and / or loss). Each open another few far less the same all have hereinafter referred to as, whereas, in. witness whereof, for and on behalf of, hereby, thereof, such as function words. That is an addition to the night features open with English. Other examples by: ∥ Gu compensation “indemnities”, out of Christine “compensation” neck produced alienation “and” conveyance “, out again Christine” transfer of real estate in “rental” to “tenancy “, and” property rental “lease of property” for “bankruptcy” “Wind up a business” or “cease (the term cessation) a business” Christine “end / stop a business” patents, out and make a wish in “the operation of the franchise fee only arrived in royalities” borrowing or patent application “width g” English “grace”, “the parties are of bankruptcy Zhang Yuan Xie” composition “? ** matte horseshoe crab ornaments The Uu nvestment in kind “∥ Okuma according to open the same phase closed delineation of” the same as the usual stresses “pursuant to provisions contained herein or as provided herein” and so on, Beijing translation company out there is speaking according to the relevant terms and conditions in the contract ” opened with a round party gains and transferring this open with the English expression “Neither party hereto may the assign this contract”, “hereto] drought shows” to the contract “, the choice of” Neither party to the contract “more less.
3. Synonyms, far word-phase closed Minato Wu sequence of the FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned does hereby sell, transfer, the assign and the set over to ______ All his right, the tile and interest in and to a certain contract dated ______, 19____ by and between the undersigned and ______ a copy of which is annexed hereto is being Ae Xue synonymous with fine the Ы far word side by side (eg, sell, transfer, the assign and set over, right, battle of the tile and interest), is the English opening with very throughout. That is the best for loose battle Du the disadvantages Governor positions Zhang peak discretion, and some are open with the terms of a stable situation. : This agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B. The sentence “made and entered into” war “by and between the two foot is synonymous with fine Ы-phase closing words side by side. For and in consideration of mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows: the sentence “for and in consideration of the covenants and agreements” tied for the three groups of synonymous Secretary war far word. Of The parties have agreed to vary the Management, on the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein. Ae Sit on the terms “war” subject to the conditions “is a meaning are implied ∥ Okuma according to the Island of the war Mei entries delineated a stable situation. open the same principles that the terms and conditions “and then for example:” Party A wishes to be released and discharged from agreement as from the effective date “, the meaning of” release “war” discharge “in a few far out of the same parallel word by: ships and vessels support and maintenance licenses and permits charges, fees, costs and expenses any and All any duties, obligations or liabilities the partners, their heirs, successors and assigns control and management of the partnership applicable Hurtado De Notaris regulations, decrees, directives, and the rules
4. push the D word is in the country to open the same, push the D word is still often see: the proportion of tax rates: pro the rate the tax rate than the proportional tax rate multi-processor lawyer mercy sexual act: pro bono, lawyer, a lawyer engaged in. charitable legal assistance Bong for Daipao Daipao Daipao Daipao Acting people: first step in multi-agent ad having no capacity for open with the translation – read know to open the same file. terminology in English, met the legal documents sodium Chung adverbs such as “here” and the “where” are the legal documents are often used Qiao Zheng terminology in composition with other words in the glossary of legal terms. are are legal documents used those words, perhaps about to stop repeating the correct stop, stop ambiguity, so that only the fertile chapter prisoners really fine training to the tide of the type of format structure knock suffix have: hereafter, hereby, herein, hereof, hereto hereunder, hereupon, herewith, hereinbefore, hereinafter; thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith; whereas, whereby, wherein, whereof, whereon, etc. those words have different meaning Spacious н only pick in the silence go into detail:
like: 1. Hereby: by means of; by reason of the meaning of this, that is, hereby, is hereby intended. often do gymnastics legal documents to open with the war Island Mi Zhang prisoners style file to open the end of language is being entry kinds of silicon for praise in addition to the night when also available. cite this article affirms, such as: of The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor, in. consideration of the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract. article:
★ hereby intended by reason of this special lip material significance.
★ Covenants is a verb, meaning to make a formal agreement to sit around, signed to open the same
★ completion of the Works, is the project down into the Works and Work is being project crazy to open the same file often less straight-way out of the job meaning.
★ Plant for incorporation therein Italy in the Works, is in this project
★ the Contract Price, refers to the opening of the same total price, the direct process of Tintin community the total system price.
★ such … as closed even pronouns, commensurate with that , which, to make the honor of vinegar to be limited between such and as the term to be limited to 10 harm empty strategy to stop opening with a single round are being met on the middle die dispute.
★ under word for in accordance with in accordance with, decided to have translated in accordance with the meaning “……. under.”
★ the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the contract to open the same conditions, meaning of the entries. are being professional vocabulary in the text to explain the current will be out of easy acquaintance that rule meaning, that is, read the results of this can perhaps about this article translated: about guarantee of the owners special Hang arsenic g period, is being open with the designated camp of Pa back the idiot with the designated format with the total price to pay to open, or open the delineation of the other plug responsibility amounts, as the construction of this project, drop into and built complement engineering the illnesses wrong reward
2.Hereto: to this above has been talk, like the implied “open with a single round can perhaps about stresses” the Parties hereto, Ae Xue This war talk “to this Contract,” “Annex 4″ may probably translated as “Appendix 4 hereto the hereto imply, Ae Sit hereto hint” to this Agreement “. read this article, you can perhaps about further acquaintance hereto is is the text he argued that impulse. All disputes arising From The performance of the this Contract Shall, through amicable negotiations, be settled by the Parties hereto. Should, through negotiation, the no settlement be reached, the case in question Shall then be submitted for arbitration to the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing and the arbitration rules of this commission shall be applied. The award of the arbitration shall be final and binding upon the Parties hereto. The Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission. article:
★ twice looming hereto are qualified Parties, implying that the Parties to the this Contract this open with a single round.
★ “the Performance facilities of this Contract, “only this open with
★ through amicable negotiations” through the process out of the negotiation of a battle.
★ should imply the assumed production dead kind of environment, change Province off drop down if
★ “shall then be submitted for arbitration shall be submitted to the proceedings.
★” the Chinese International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission in Beijing “straight International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (Beijing).
★ “the arbitration rules of this Commission arbitration rules.
★” the award of the arbitration: the arbitration judgment.
★ “unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission Arbitration Commission, by ruling, in addition to. How, root pruning sand clock specialized vocabulary arrived Zhang Xing hinder, this translated into: only the fruit Shi opening produced by the tear-mei chronological controversy, this open with a single round should be a battle consultation processor, such as consultation-out correction measures dispute , the dispute shall be submitted to Direct International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (Beijing), in accordance with the Arbitration rules. The arbitration ruling is final and all Municipal beam the Eph cramped force-on-one round. Arbitration expense should be losing a round burden, but the arbitration committee by the addition to ruling.
3. Herein: in the this one here. led lighting implied above talk …. open with (in) …. “(middle) of this Law, such as encountered …… only text, use the term. Like, “this Law (in) called open grounds open do ….” Perhaps probably translated as “unfair competition mentioned herein herein means …. a” in this law, “such as” This war talk (middle), can be translated as “the contents herein”, the herein means “in this Agreement”.
fancy where two John Zhu, perhaps less about the deep savor herein and the other only the terms of the Ying gate. Unfair competition mentioned in this law refers to such acts of business operators as contravene the provisions hereof, with a result of damaging the lawful Rights and interests of other business operators, and disturbing the socio-economic the order . Business operators mentioned herein refer to such legal persons, other economic organizations and individuals as engage in the trading of goods or profit-*** services (hereinafter called Goods including services). Note: The above loom the three legal documents terminology: hereof: of this closed in the layer of the lip. precisely the meaning of this document, implies precisely the above has been talk in the flash open with ….. “this document to do gymnastics.” term. “This opened the same conditions, entry …” can be translated as “the terms, conditions and provisions hereof …..” the hereof implied in “of this Contract”; such as “project” translated as “any parts hereof, meaning” of this Works “in hereof. text: ★ hereof meaning of the provisions of this law.
★ herein, is is the meaning of the text (Business operators mentioned) in this law.
★ hereinafter: later in the same Contract, the following; I text, as usual and to be referred to as; referred to as; called such as word or check used in conjunction to curb duplication.
★ unfair competition out of the open grounds open to do.
★ mentioned in this law: the purposes of this Law.
★ contravene the provisions hereof: antinomy provisions of this Law.
★ damage the lawful Rights and interests of other business operators: beneficial to hurt the other operators arrived chapter prisoners in equity.
★ must the puma, the socio-economic the order: rope governance and socio-economic order delivery times. This article can be translated as: the purpose of this Law, the term “out of the open grounds open do, refers to the operator to back the anti-provisions of this Law, the benefits of injury to other operators arrived Chapter prisoners when the interests, intrusive social and economic order, delivery times, moving to do. Operators, the purpose of this Law, the term “measures the quality of fluorene products operations or for-profit work (hereinafter referred to commodity support Luo things) a legal person, other close battle through the drain Loach small.
4. Therein: in that; in that particular the context; in that respect. Are Ae Xue; is are there precisely acres explore other meaning, suggesting the above has been talk in the open with the … project ……. “available this term. “Was built to complement the problems of engineering problems, can perhaps probably translated as” the remedying of any defects therein, the therein implied “in the Works”; Again “used in the engineering of the materials or machinery and equipment can be translated as “materials or plant for incorporation in Plant for incorporation therein, and therein is also implied in” in the Works “. Now a small pier servant text to enhance therein A who word the impression that: “the Works the Temporary” means All temporary works of every kind (other than the Contractor, Equipment) required in or about the execution and completion of the Works, and the remedying of any defects therein. article:
★ Plant for incorporation therein refers to in. the Works, Engineering.
★ the Temporary Works: the temporary nature of projects is always project to act works, always project should be after the completion of the abolition. Formed one o lock engineering degrees, according to international FIDIC open the delimitation of the same conditions, should be the idiot lame half-hearted.
★ Defects: problems problems, less direct process of construction looming title Grading Grading, Tintin Digital Mall http://www.dindinshop.com engineering deposit is being the title of achievement results, out there If the owners of operation to make the proper brewing tide knock.
★ The execution and completion of the Works, and the remedying of any defects Plant for incorporation therein: construction, built pay for the project down into a war of any Ae seedlings mistakenly wrong. Please send us look at this article two and translation. The same as usual, a project is divided into two stages @ is a stage branch Luo engineering in mind, construction, drop into; The second stage is built to pay for the project problems problems. If this shows that the first and refers to the first phase of the two French works, the second and two phases of the project argue black wording endure count is correct, and express meaning of branch slightly. That pier tick text can be translated as: one o lock engineering treatise is construction, drop into any Ae seedlings misuse problems in the battle to build pay for the project need for, Ying ヘ chronological variety of one o lock engineering (but crazy Ran timber equipment in addition to ).
5. Whereas: considering that, in view of, then …… in terms of (legal term). This word is often to do gymnastics in the open with the book of war talk about the tail section down, leads to open with Shan Xing set to sit open to the same source or in accordance with.
See three short paragraphs on the inside: Whereas Party B has the right and agrees to grant Party A the right to use, manufacture and sell the Contract Products of Patented Technology; Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology, of Party, B, to manufacture solution, and sell the Contract the Products; of The Representatives authorized by the Parties to the this Contract have, through friendly negotiation agreed to enter into the this Contract under the terms, conditions and provisions specified as follows: the text:
★ whereas all do ⊥ pot in the solution.
★ to the grant of the Party, A, the rights to use, manufacture solution, and sell the Contract Products of patented Technology,: patent foot Arts open with the product operation to do the right system system the right of war support to sell the right to grant class dichotoma.
★ The Representatives authorized by the Parties to this Contract: a single round authorized representative
two) open often do gymnastics specifically the Chuang mince check
1. closed shall and should Shall is to open the same file is operating frequency words are being opened to the same file shall imply a voluntary burden laws or open the task delineated precisely the expression “should” or “must” “shall” do something, do gymnastics out there use “must” or “should”, but the odd available “will”, the intensity is stronger than shall. Should is a legal document often do “if” solution, only implied ⊥ China meaning. Such as: The board meeting shall be called and presided over by the Chairman. Should the chairman be absent, the vice-Chairman shall, in principle, call and preside over the board meeting. Text: ★ two shall all implied tasks to do , which as intended.
★ Should: If implied assumed.
★ board meeting: the assembly meeting of the assembly meeting of the Board.
★ preside over: chaired the meeting. This article can be translated as: Zhao less scattered by the directors of the assembly meeting of the assembly meeting of the Board, presided over; if the director is less absent, this is by the Associate Director Zhao less scattered, presided.
2. Unless otherwise Unless otherwise: In addition to the Bailey tritium if Not “war” otherwise “express formally. Term is a synonym for” unless “war” otherwise “, otherwise there is the pronoun he argued that impulse, after the same as usual with dynamic hash Wu past word limit, which means R ↓ non- other …….: such as “unless the same by the Bay set can be translated as” unless otherwise specified in the Contract, “such as” unless the promise only permit by the Bay set “can be translated as” unless otherwise specified in the Letter, of, Credit. such as: These articles shall apply to documentary credits, including stand by letters of credit, to the extent to which the credits, in question shall be applicable, and shall be the binding on the Parties to the Contract, unless otherwise expressly agreed by the Parties thereto in:
★ unless otherwise, implying that unless the same single round by the agreed
★ these articles refer to this section, ★ the apply to open, the opening used for < br />
★ in question: under consideration; being discussed about that “is being thoughtful or Burning in something, a title score results can be translated as” it “or” the good shelter tritium in the matter “can be translated as” the matter in question, it is commonly used to open the same professional times to check. Like: Party, A, agrees to acquire From Party, B, and Party, B, agrees to transfer to Party, A, the Patented Technology, for contract the Products. Of The Patented Technology, in. question Shall be the same technology as the technology of the Party, B, latest products. Text Product of the Patented Technology, in question refers to the first sentence of the Patented Technology, in question they may probably omitted “is before the sentence …” what a word, a very fine hunting silkworm. Listen can be translated as: the level dichotoma go along with the vinegar Li Yuan B round echoed back level dichotoma Dong knock open the same product patents foot arts. That foot Arts B round complete Art of the latest product of the foot did not open.
★ Shall be binding on the Parties to the Contract: off with of each Ying ヘ round beam Eph cramped force. This article can be translated as: This section is open for chronological only card with a single promise, and supported the Luo are being opened within the spare card only promise, and off with each Ying ヘ round beam the Eph cramped force, unless by have agreed.
3. In accordance with: under; pursuant to the three check are doing the “Okuma photos” the ∥ the Okuma photos “solution is often to do gymnastics in the legal documents to check, according to formal. Pilot survey under Quebec: Example 1: On the the FOB basis, the Buyer shall the book shipping space in accordance with the date of shipment specified in the contract. Article:
★ in accordance with the date of shipment: in accordance with the the disassembling date
★ the FOB = Free on board: FOB. 2000 international trade terms explained Gong Li “delineated in accordance with the International Chamber of Commerce announced in September 1999, the back support of this term, sell round of goods are being opened with the specified port of disassembling the demolition to purchase a round board, to complete the delivery. Sell ??round burden of goods exceed the expense of the side of the ship before the risk of war = Tao Yuan burden to the risk of war expense. Back to support this term is FOB after often to indicate the dismantling and transportation to Hong Kong, said suction, such as FOB Shanghai.
★ book shipping space: contact given accommodation. This can be translated as: in accordance with the FOB terms, the lame busy disassembling the date in accordance with the open with the delineation of the contact given accommodation by the purchase of circle. Send it: purchase the ape catfish sequence in the text to sell round, in order to open the same specialized vocabulary, and are in addition to the night to write. Chinese to English should be sent to see which. Case 2: When, under the Hurtado De Notaris and approval From the relevant authorities, a limited liability company is converted into a company limited by shares, the total amount which shares are converted into shall be equivalent to the amount of the company the net assets. Text Product:
★ under the Hurtado De Notaris: according to the law, in accordance with the law
★ a limited liability company: the limited task
★ a company limited by shares: shares a Co., Ltd. ★ be equivalent to: commensurate, proportionate
★ the amount of the company the net assets: net assets in this article can be translated as: reduction of equity in the limited mandate by the the raccoon odd changes in accordance with the law Co., Ltd., the total amount of the equity in open open deserve phase ie, the amount of net assets.
4. Provided that Provided that: But the designation, delineated; However, Italy. Need for further program on time or is being done to plan time turn on the tone by frequently operating the check off with an entry. Operation is being translated to English, to the church to do this check and see but delineated or further delineated characters speech, odd I and John Zhu Village, but exposed to this meaning can be the first Chinese to do the language translation, if the exposed sand vein material chess, do gymnastics “provided that” times to check. Example: An irrevocable credit shall be deemed to constitute a definite under taking of the in scribed with bank. Provided that if the stipulated documents are presented and are complied with the terms, conditions and provisions of the credit, and if the credit provides for sight payment the payment shall be made or shall be guaranteed to be made. article:
★ provided that the certified Wishing only promise to do cool step delineated.
★ be deemed to be feel that LED lighting is regarded as the legal documents arrived Chapter prisoners terminology shelter tritium be believed; be considered “formal, such as: In the absence of such indication, the credit shall be deemed to be If an issuing can be translated as: If that implies, the card should only promise as abolition.
★ shall be deemed to constitute a definite undertaking of the in scribed with bank: quilt think the composition of the issuing ended the rule of Wishing.
★ Irrevocable is the revocable less recognized Qiao Zheng composition, the successful abolition of meaning.
★ of The credit provides for sight payment: payment at sight promise only card. This article can be translated as: the successful abolition promise only card, you should think the composition of the delineation of only issuing Wishing (but delimit) had submitted the documents and roll rate promise only permit entry, and a Sight payment promise only card, stop payment or a guarantee that subsection arrived Chapter atmosphere to pay in addition to the legal documents of the sand veins often do gymnastics times to check, by Thistle Pei, such as in respect of; closed above has been talk matters in respect thereof (closed); in the event of, in the event that (assuming; assumed …….. produced death, the English translation than when formal ,); in case, the (the) case of (assuming; case, once); be liable for; be liable to (plug responsibility for the task); in Testimony whereof: in Witness, whereof (as evidenced Song wrapped card ); know All Men by these presents (in accordance with this document; is hereby notified); undersigned: (a legal document end of the undersigned, if the front of the definite article the refers to the documents signed by the claim; now therefore, (hereby; to, as usual, whereas conjunction to the side often tell hereby ∥ mo radon into “hereby”) because of the limits of space, will be out one by one Gap prince Yu.
c) read understand the sentence in the same legal documents, pay operator to open the same documents and other legal documents in the English word sentences with Yong Shun program loose, simultaneous interpretation sentence less features, it is the expression of fine indeed, closely , intelligible, easy solution (no discrimination intended) and specifically set sentence. main assumed adverbial positioning title achievement scores, the main sentence adverbial war clause adverbial are various ranks you to out there and attributive mixed open. lame half-hearted discuss sentence structure, discipline in the control of a non-theory is the English translation, by the English to Chinese, or intends to grass entries, the Jieneng driving Shen will be dead.
adverbial position because the main sentence of the speech characteristics of the law, the legal documents of the English sentence adverbial rule of self-sacrifice read its position with a foundation in English frequency adverbs (such as often, sometime, never, etc.), location out the same, the same as usual, put precisely to help move the before Minato Cha, moving to do undeceived before moving vinegar. sentence like Gang Camp, the main sentence adverbial position should be placed are being shall move vinegar unillusioned before, such as: being is teaching hereto A Who title results when the results are cited listen, there through amicable negotiations who the adverbial shake Artemisia inserted between shall be settled, building decoration to be settled. Another example: The securities regulatory authorities under the State Council shall, in accordance with law, implement centralized and unified regulation and supervision of the securities market nationwide. The securities regulatory authorities under the State Council may, where necessary, establish agencies that shall the perform the regulatory functions as authorized. (the securities regulatory authority under the State Council in accordance with the law-aligned States securities market only spread the same supervision and management of facilities and securities regulatory authority under the State Council in accordance with the need for can probably set to sit perhaps the agency of supervision and management responsibilities in accordance with the authorized facilities only.) assume that the first sentence, inserted into the adverbial move to the final namely the current nationwide there can perhaps about its correct market nationwide attributive or adverbial, but built the decorated verb implement the rights and interests of a strong, available a very simple example to made it clear which, such as: I fed the the white dog put there. There is precisely the sentence end there can perhaps about producing dead two kinds Juyi: First: I fed the white dog which was there two: In that place the I fed the the white dog. think the property dead how ambiguity, the meaning expressed by the main sentence, fine Ran explosion the adverbial will easily set is being shall present, move to do dynamic vinegar unillusioned finite verb, the best shortcut format, correct stop in the first two where necessary, to the same affair, set precisely between may and establish
2. adverbial is a clause in legal documents, open the same file by often to do gymnastics Gang camp sentence adverbial in the clause with the main sentence adverbial should have their own out can be mixed with each other open, sub-speaking Bay production dead ambiguity, composed of open single circular controversial is a clause in the adverbial are the usual lock is under clause within the same adverbial usual open stuffy Zhou Hill, put the adjoining words (when, if, etc.) is clause is present, the main clause sentence before, and often do gymnastics comma to leave in order to show that it is inserted into the adverbial such as: Where, through securities trading at a stock exchange, an investor and comes to hold 5 percent of shares issued by a listed company, the investor and shall, within days of three from the the date on which such share holding becomes a fact, submit a written report to the Securities Regulatory Authorities under the State Council and the Stock Exchange, notify the listed company and make the fact known to the public. who sentence less, the Lord assumes that because the inserted adverbial attributive the Ka deceive language clause
September 17, 2010
in the English translation of the contract, a prerequisite for understand the definition of the contract, including the basic elements of contract, the following proceed from the definition of the contract, and proposed some English translation of the contract should pay attention, the author of English contract was discussed below:
First, the definition of the English contract
In English, the contract generally referred to Contract or Agreement.
1999 “Contract Law” the contract defined as follows: A contract in this Law, refers to an agreement establishing, modifying, and terminating the civil rights and obligations between subjects of The equal footing, that is, between natural persons, legal persons or other organizations “Under this definition, to determine the civil rights and obligations of the agreement established in the contract between equal entities.
Steven H. Gifts Code” Law Dictionary “will be The contract is defined as the “Contract is a promise, or a set of promises, for breach of which the law gives remedy, or the performance of the which the law in some way recognize as a duty.” Under this definition, the contract is a promise, breach of the undertaking can get legal aid, a sense that the law will fulfill the commitment to be seen as a kind of compensation.
2. the establishment of the contract must have several major factors.
< br /> (offer and acceptance form) by the agreement, approximately, the establishment of the legal relationship between desire and contracting four major components.
LB The Curzon edited “A Diction of Law” mentioned : “Contract generally involves”
1 offer, and the absolute and unqualified acceptance (offer and absolute acceptance)
2. consensus ad idem (meaning that consistent, also known as the meeting of minds)
3. intention to create legal relations (willingness to establish a contractual relationship)
4. the authenticity of the genuineness of consent (consent)
5. contractual capacity of the parties (the contracting parties of the treaty-making capacity)
6. legality of the legitimacy of the object (subject matter)
7. possibility of Performance (to fulfill the possibility of)
8. certainties of terms (the terms of certainty)
Book infomation, Prices, excerpt, consideration (compensation of equal value)
the structural features of the English contract
contract class legal documents for the provisions of the rights and obligations of the parties is the basis for the prevention and settlement of disputes. contract English language of careful and accurate, has a long history, deep with the legal culture contract at the beginning of the
Chinese generally will be a list of names of the parties, name, residence or place of business, then the contract text, end parties chop, signed by authorized representatives, title and date of signature. English contracts are generally the beginning of such sentence below:
This agreement / contract is made and entered in. to the this ______ day of______ (month), ______ (year) by and between Party A (hereinafter called the “party A” ) and Party B (hereinafter called the “party B”)
then start statement:
WHEREAS … THEREFORE
… It is hereby agreed as follows:
or:
WITNESSETH, WHEREAS …
NOW THEREFORE, it for and in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows:
followed by the text, to prove part:
IN on WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have hereunto the set their hands the day and years first above written.
then include the signature of the parties and witnesses. the date of signature generally make mischief in the English contract can not be found.
terms of the three words of English contract translation characteristics (formal term)
contract English is extremely elegant, with specific requirements of the election term specialized (professional), formal (formal), accurate (accurate ,) embodied in the following areas:
1. may, shall, must, may not (shall not) use; may, shall, must, may not (or shall not) are not learned English people too familiar, but in the contract using these words with extreme caution.
rights and obligations of the agreement are part of the main body of the contract. the words such as improper selection may be subject to disputes.
may to Convention rights of the parties (what can be done), shall the agreed obligations of the parties (what should be done when), must (must do) for mandatory obligations, may not (shall not) for the prohibited obligations (not do). may do can not be said can do, shall do, can not be said should do or Ought to do, may not do, can be used in some legal documents in the United States shall not, must not be used can not do or must not), for example, in the agreed way to solve the dispute, it can be said:
of The parties here to shall, first of all, settle any dispute arising from or in connection with the contract by friendly negotiations.
Should such negotiations fail, such dispute may be referred to the People Court having jurisdiction on such dispute for settlement in the absence of any arbitration clause in the disputed contract or in default of agreement reached after such dispute occurs.
this sentence shall and may express accurately the event of a dispute should first consultation, so the obligation “agreement”, if the negotiation can not be resolved agreed with selective, as the rights of the parties, may also very properly may and shall exchange position what happens? the first phrase shall change may mean to become parties can be resolved through consultations, meaning plausible, but last part may change after the use shall become a should litigation settlement, as if anything goes wrong, it is necessary foresight officer, which some unfriendly.
this sentence can be translated: The two sides first friendly consultations to resolve the contract or contract-related dispute. If unsuccessful negotiations, not arbitration to reach a consensus nor the arbitration clause agreement or the dispute has arisen in the contract, can the dispute be submitted to the People Court has jurisdiction to resolve
2. formal terms (formal term)
contract English has a serious style, and other English works have a very different place.
For example:
“because the phrase” multi-use “by virtue of” far more than “due to” generally do not “because of”;
fiscal year, the end of “general use” at the close of the fiscal year “rather than” in the end of the fiscal year “;
” …… before the “general use” prior to, rather than before “;
” on “commonly used” as regards “,” concerning “or” relating to “and not” about “;
” fact ” “in effect” instead of “in fact”;
“start” using “commencement”, without having to “start” or “begin”;
“stop doing” “cease to do”, not “stop to do”;
“When a meeting by certain presided over” described as: The meeting shall be convened and presided by sb
“other matters” with “miscellaneous” rather than “other matters / events”;
understand the contract “with” and construed in a contract “or” comprehend the a contract “, rather than “understand a contract”;
“that” deem “less” consider “, not” think “or” believe “;
terms of professional (technical terms)
contract terms do not transfer to the general public is understood and accepted as it is the protection of the contractual language to convey accurately the contract “flaws”, “relief”, “force majeure”. “jurisdiction”, “corrupt” and “loss” can allow the non-industry people hard to understand English using the above expression for the defect in, remedy, force majeure / Act of God, jurisdiction, damage and / or loss. almost every contract ultimately, hereinafter referred to as such … as, whereas, in witness whereof, for and on behalf of, hereby, thereof, such as function words, which a few elaborate:
For example:
Hereby: by means of the; by reason of the meaning of this, that is, hereby, therefore, hereby, etc. meaning commonly used in legal documents, the opening words of an official document of the contract agreement, needs to be emphasized in terms of also available. cite the original description, such as: The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor, in consideration of the execution and completion of the Works, and the remedying of defects Plant for incorporation therein the Contract Price, or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract. article:
★ hereby meaning by reason of this, hereby the mean.
★ Plant for incorporation therein intended in the Works, in this project.
★ such … as a relative pronoun, equivalent to that which, placed in the word you want to limit such term to be limited to a very clear and as between, to avoid parties to the contract dispute in understanding
Other:
“compensation” instead of “indemnities”, “compensation”
“real estate transfer” conveyance “instead of” transfer of real estate in
“rental” tenancy “and” property rent “with” lease of property
< br /> “closed down” with “Wind up a business” or “cease (the term cessation) a business”, instead of the end / stop a business. “
repayment or patent application grace period “in English as” grace “,
” reconciliation “of the parties in the bankruptcy” composition “
generally in accordance with the relevant provisions of the contract,” said “pursuant to the provisions English statements contained herein “or” as provided herein “, etc., do not say” according to the relevant terms and conditions in the contract “.
contract any party may not assign this contract,” “Neither party hereto may the assign this contract “,” hereto “to the contract”, the choice of “Neither party to the contract” less
text-win Education Network to provide you with the latest grade English
This article source: “http://en.yiduiyi.cn/BETS/28372.html
November 21, 2011 (This is so far, I think the more detailed and practical translation of the contract information to share with you)
wording of the characteristics (formal term) contract English wording is extremely elegant, with a specific sex. Choice of words specialized (professional), formal (formal), accurate (accurate). Embodied in the following areas:
1. May, Shall, must, may not (shall not) use, May, shall, must, may not (shall not) learn English too familiar, but when the contract using these words with extreme caution . Scheduled to meet with part of the rights and obligations constitute the main body of the contract. The words such as improper selection may lead to disputes. may to Convention rights of the parties (what can be done) Shall agreed the obligations of the parties (what should be done when), must (must do), may not (shall not) for the prohibition of sexual obligations (for mandatory obligations may not do). May do can not be said can do, shall do, can not say that should do or Ought to do, may not do some legal documents in the United States can use shall not, must not be used can Not do or must Not) For example, the agreed to resolve at the controversial way, you can say The parties hereto shall, first of all, settle any dispute arising from or in connection with the contract by friendly negotiations. Should such negotiations fail, such dispute may be referred to the People Court having jurisdiction on such dispute for settlement in the absence of any arbitration clause in the disputed contract or in default of agreement reached after such dispute occurs. this sentence shall and may express accurately. Disputes should be after the first consultation, so the obligation “agreement” if the consultation can not be resolved with Selective agreed as the rights of the parties, may also very properly. If you may, and shall exchange position what happens? The first phrase of the exchange shall after use may mean to become parties can be resolved through consultations, meaning plausible, but the last part may change after use shall become should litigation settlement, as if anything goes wrong, it is necessary foresight officer, which some unfriendly. This sentence can be translated: First, the two sides through friendly consultations to resolve the contract or contract-related dispute. If consultations fail, the contract nor the arbitration clause agreement or the dispute has arisen, not arbitration to reach an agreement party can submit the dispute to the people court has jurisdiction to resolve.
2. The formal terms (formal term) the contract in English has a serious style, and other English works are very different. Such as: “Because the phrase” multi-purpose “by virtue of” far more than “due to” generally do not “because of”; the end of the fiscal year, “general use” at the close of the fiscal year “instead of” in the end of the fiscal year “; …… before the” general use “prior to” instead of “before”; “on” common “as regards”, “concerning” or “relating to” not ” about “;” fact “in effect” instead of “in fact”; “” “commencement”, without having to “start” or “begin”; “stop doing” cease to do ” do not “stop to do”; “when a meeting by such and such at the” expressed as follows: The meeting shall be convened and presided by sb. “which held a” do not “hold call”, “convene”; “presided over “Do not” chair “or” be in charge of “preside”; to “other matters” with “miscellaneous” rather than “other matters / events”; understand the contract “with” and construed in a contract “or” comprehend the a contract, without having to understand a contract “;” that “deem” less “consider”, not “think” or “believe”; “willing to do” to intend that to do “or” desire to do “rather than” want to do “,” wish to do.
Third, the wording of professional (technical terms) the contract terms do not understand and accept for the transfer to the public whether it is the protection of the contractual language to convey accurately. Can make such contract “flaws” and “relief”, “force majeure”, “jurisdiction” and “corrupt” and “loss” of non-industry people hard to understand, the expression for the defect in more than in English, the remedy the force majuere / Act, of God, jurisdiction, damage and / or loss). In addition, almost every contract and ultimately, hereinafter referred to as, whereas, in witness whereof, for and on behalf of, hereby, thereof and other function words. This is also contract a major feature of English. Other examples include: “compensation” indemnities “instead of” compensation “for the real estate transfer” conveyance “instead of” transfer of real estate in “rental” tenancy “and” the lease of property ” lease of property, “” defunct “with” Wind up a business “or” cease (the term cessation) a business “, rather than the” end / stop a business in the patent licensing royalties “used only” royalities “repayment or patent applications, the” grace period “English” grace “reconciliation” of the parties in the bankruptcy “composition” by contribution in kind “investment in kind” in accordance with the relevant provisions of the contract, “the general said that” pursuant to provisions contained herein “or” as provided herein “and so on, do not say” according to the relevant terms and conditions in the contract “contract in which any party may not assign this contract” described as “Neither party hereto may the assign this contract”, “hereto” Indicates less “to the contract”, the choice of “Neither party to the contract”.
3. Synonyms, synonyms, and word sequence of the FOR value RECEIVED, the undersigned does hereby sell, transfer, the assign and the set over to ______ all his right, the tile and interest in and to a certain contract dated ______, 19____ by and between the undersigned and ______ a copy of which is annexed hereto. side by side here in synonyms and near synonyms (eg, sell, transfer, and the assign and set over, right, and the tile and interest), in the English contract are very common. This is due to the considerations of rigorous and eliminate loopholes, some of them belong to the fixed pattern of contractual terms. For example: This agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B. The sentence “made and entered into” and “by and between” two groups belong to synonyms and related words side by side. For and in consideration of mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows: the sentence “for and in consideration of the covenants and agreements of three groups of synonymous Secretary and synonyms side by side. The parties have agreed to vary the Management on the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein. Here on the terms and subject to the conditions, “meaning” in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, Fixed mode of the terms of the contract terms and conditions For example: the “party A, wishes to be released and discharged from the agreement as from the effective date” in a “release” and “discharge” means almost the same. Alongside the words: ships and vessels support and maintenance licenses and permits charges, fees, costs and expenses any and All any duties, obligations or liabilities the partners, their heirs, successors and assigns control and management of the partnership applicable Hurtado De Notaris, regulations decrees, directives, and the rules
4. Latin word in a foreign contract, the Latin word is still very common: the proportional tax rate were mostly engaged in charitable services: pro the rate the tax rate than the proportional tax rate. Counsel: pro bono, lawyer, do not use lawyer engaged in charitable legal assistance Attorney: Multi-agent ad having no capacity for. led lighting contract translation, the first step – read the contract documents. Terminology in English to understand legal documents in some adverbs such as “here” and the “where” in the legal documents are often treated as a prefix, and the terminology of another word in the glossary of legal terms. In the legal documents with these words, avoid duplication, to avoid misunderstanding, to avoid ambiguity, accurate, concise language. Word of this method: hereafter, hereby, herein, hereof, hereto hereunder, Hereupon the, herewith, hereinbefore, hereinafter; thereafter, thereby, Plant for incorporation therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith; whereas whereby, thereinafter, whereof, whereon, etc.. English translation of these words have all the meaning, I only pick a few elaborate:
For example: 1. Hereby: by means of; by reason of this meaning, that is, hereby, Therefore, it is such as Italy. Commonly used in legal documents, the opening words of an official document of the contract agreement, in terms of needs to be emphasized when available. Cite the original description, such as: The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor, in consideration of the execution and completion of the Works, and the remedying of defects Plant for incorporation therein the Contract Price, or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract. article:
★ hereby meaning by reason of this, hereby meaning.
★ Covenants is a verb, meaning to make a formal agreement covenant, signed a contract.
★ completion of the Works, the completion of the project, the Works and Work in the project contract documents often refer to the project rather than work meaning.
★ Plant for incorporation therein intended for in. the Works in this project.
★ the Contract Price, the total contract price means the total cost of the project.
★ such … as is the relative pronoun, equivalent to that, which placed the word you want to limit such and as between so that the term limit is very clear, to avoid the parties in understanding the event of a dispute .
★ under means in accordance with according to according to the meaning, must not be translated as “……. under.
★ the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the contract terms of the contract, the meaning of the terms. An explanation of the professional vocabulary of the text is not difficult to understand the meaning of this section is read. So the original can be translated as: The Employer hereby covenants to ensure that in the period of the contract, the contract price paid to the contractor by way of contract, or other payments of the contract, as the construction, completion and remedial works defects in the reward.
2. Hereto: to this has been mentioned above, for example, said that “the parties to the contract can be said that” the Parties hereto, and here is hereto attached hereto to this Contract, “” 4 “can be translated as” Appendix 4 hereto here hereto “to the this Agreement.” Read the original text of the following can further understand the role of the hereto in the text. All disputes arising from the performance of this Contract shall, through amicable negotiations, be settled by the Parties hereto. Should, through negotiation, no settlement be reached, the case in question shall then be submitted for arbitration to the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing and the arbitration rules of this commission shall be applied. The award of the arbitration shall be final and binding upon the Parties hereto. The Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission. paper: < br />
★ twice hereto, are limited to the Parties, said that the Parties to the this Contract the parties to this contract.
★ “the performance of this Contract” to perform this contract.
★ through amicable negotiations through friendly consultations.
★ should if what happens, replace the dispense if.
★ “Shall then be submitted for arbitration” shall be submitted to arbitration.
★ “the Chinese International, Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (Beijing).
★ “the arbitration rules of this Commission Arbitration Rules.
★ the award of the arbitration: the arbitral award.
★ unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission Arbitration Commission unless otherwise awarded. to eliminate the above professional vocabulary obstacles, the original translation: to resolve all disputes arising from the performance of this contract, the contract should be friendly consultations, such consultations do not resolve the dispute, they should submit the dispute to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (Beijing) , in accordance with the rules of arbitration arbitration arbitration award shall be final and binding on both parties. arbitration shall be borne by the losing party, but the arbitration committee decides otherwise, except
3.Herein: in this there is a world, here. already mentioned above … in case the contract (in) …. “” (middle) of this Law … “when the language used the term, such as , “this Law (in) the alleged unfair competition ….” can be translated as “unfair competition mentioned herein …. herein the herein means” in this law “such as” this Agreement (middle), can be translated as “the contents herein”, there is a world of herein means “in this Agreement”.
see the following two paragraphs, you can better understand the herein and several other terminology. Unfair competition mentioned in this law refers to such acts of business operators as contravene the provisions hereof, with a result of damaging the lawful rights and interests of other business operators, and disturbing the socio-economic order. Business operators mentioned herein refer to such legal persons, other economic organizations and individuals as engage in the trading of goods or profit-making services (hereinafter called Goods including services). Note: The above terminology in the three legal documents: hereof: of this on this point. Meaning in this document, already mentioned above. This contract of ….. “this document …”, the use of the term. Such as “the conditions of this contract, the terms of ……” can be translated as “the terms, conditions and provisions hereof ….” there is a world of hereof of this Contract “; such as” any part of this project can be translated as “any parts hereof, there is a world of hereof means of this Works “article: ★” hereof the meaning of the provisions of this law.
★ herein, means – (BUSINESS operators mentioned in the text) in this law.
★ hereinafter: later in the same Contract, the following; below, the general and to be referred to as; referred to as; called word or phrase used in conjunction, to avoid duplication. < br />
★ unfair competition unfair competition.
★ mentioned in this law: The purposes of this Law.
★ contravene the provisions in violation of the provisions hereof: requirements.
★ damage the lawful Rights and interests of other business operators: damage to the legitimate interests of other operators.
★ must the puma the socio-economic the order: Long chaotic socio-economic order. the original text can be translated as: the purpose of this Law, the term “unfair competition, violation of the provisions of this Law refers to operators damage the legitimate rights and interests of other operators, and disturbing the social and economic order. operators referred to in this Law refers to the engage in commodity production or profit-making services (hereinafter referred to the legal entity of goods, including services), other economic organizations and individuals.
4.Therein: in that; in. that particular the context; in. that respect there ; at that point, in that respect meaning, already mentioned above, “contract ……..” “project ….” can use this word such as “repair defects in the project “can be translated as” the remedying of any defects therein “, there is a world of therein” in the Works “; materials or mechanical equipment such as” engineering “can be translated as” materials or plant for incorporation in Plant for incorporation therein, herein the therein also said “in the Works,” is now a short original to strengthen the impression therein the word: the “Temporary Works” means All temporary works of every kind (other than the Contractor Equipment) required in or about the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of any defects therein. text:
★ Plant for incorporation therein in. the Works, Engineering
★ Temporary Works: temporary works is refers to the engineering services for the permanent works, after the completion of the permanent works should be removed. cost of construction of temporary works, according to the provisions of the international FIDIC contract conditions shall be responsible to the Contractor.
★ Defects: defects refers to the construction problems, the project itself, rather than due to improper owners to use the
★ The execution and completion of the Works, and the remedying of any defects Plant for incorporation therein: construction, completion and remedying of any defects in the works. Please note that two of the original and translation. general a project is divided into two phases: first phase includes engineering design, construction and completion; The second stage is to repair the construction defects. This can be seen, first and refers to two works in the first phase of the program, the second and in order to distinguish between the two phases of the project, the wording, structure and correct to express the meaning is clear. this original text can be translated as: temporary works is in engineering construction, completion and remedying of any defects in the project needs or with all temporary works, (but the contractor equipment).
5.Whereas: considering that, in view of, you … in terms of (legal term). This term is used in the contract, the opening paragraph of the agreement leads to the reason or basis for the contracting parties to enter into a contract.
Consider the following three short paragraphs: Whereas Party B has the right and agrees to grant Party A the right to use, manufacture and sell the Contract Products of Patented Technology; Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products; The Representatives authorized by the Parties to this Contract have, through friendly negotiation, agreed to enter into this Contract under the terms, conditions and provisions specified as follows: text: ★
two whereas for “In view of the” solution.
★ to grant Party A the rights to use, manufacture and sell the Contract Products of patented Technology: contract the right to use patented technology to manufacture and marketing rights granted to the Party.
★ of The Representatives authorized by both the Parties to this Contract: the authorized representative of
★ Under the terms, conditions and provisions specified as follows: the following terms. eliminate the stumbling block of these specialized vocabulary, the original can be translated into: the view of Party B is entitled to and agreed to contract the right to use patented technology, manufacture and marketing rights granted to the Party; view of Party A Party B patented technology to manufacture and sell the contract products; both parties authorized represented through friendly consultations, agree to sign this contract the following terms: dedicated formal vocabulary of these usually rare, legal documents in order to maintain the authority of law, often used in the preparation of contract law, so in reading or translation or the drafting of contracts, must learn to use to deal with these terms.
b) the contract of specialized terms and phrases
1. frequency of shall and should shall in the contract documents is to use the highest words, mandatory legal or obligations under the contract, the expression “should” or “must” do something “shall” rather than using “must” or “should”, but in the contract documents shall “will” is sometimes used, the intensity of more than shall the weak. Should legal documents often make the “if” solution, saying only that “if” meaning: The board meeting shall be called and presided over by the Chairman. Should the chairman be absent, the vice-Chairman shall have the responsibility to do in. principle, call and preside over the board meeting. text: ★ two Shall have said, you should make the meaning
★ Should: If
the ★ board meeting: Board of Directors meeting.
★ preside over: presided over the original text can be translated as: Board meetings shall be convened by the chairman, presided over; the absence of such chairman , in principle, by Vice Chairman convened chaired
Unless otherwise Unless otherwise: except for the formal expression than “if not” and “otherwise”. term by two synonyms, “unless” and “otherwise”, otherwise the pronoun role, followed by generally limited to the past participle of verbs, meaning: unless otherwise …….: such as “unless the contract otherwise provides” can be translated as “unless otherwise specified in the Contract”, but also such as “unless otherwise stipulated” can be translated as “unless otherwise specified in the Letter of Credit.”: These articles shall apply to documentary credits, including stand by letters of credit, to the extent to which the credits, in question Shall be applicable, and shall be binding on the Parties to the Contract, unless otherwise expressly agreed by the Parties thereto. article:
★ unless otherwise, said that unless the parties otherwise agreed.
< br /> ★ these articles refers to this provision ★ apply to apply to apply to
★ in question: under consideration; being discussed about that “in the consideration or discussion of a matter, a can be translated into “this” or “the like” the matter “can be translated as” the matter in question, which is a professional contract in the long phrase for example: Party A agrees to acquire from Party B and party B, agrees to transfer to Party, A, the Patented Technology, for contract the Products. of The Patented Technology, in question shall be the same technology as the technology of the Party, B, latest products. text Product of the Patented Technology, in question is to refer to the former sentence of the Patented Technology, use in question can be omitted the first sentence … “This sentence is very simple and clear-cut. listen can be translated as: consent of Party A from Party B, Party B agrees to transfer the contract products to Party patented technology exactly the same technique with B the latest products, technology
★ Shall be binding on all interested parties of the contract are binding on the Parties to the Contract: The original text can be translated as: provisions apply to all documentary credits, standby letters of credit and includes within its scope of application, are binding on all parties concerned on the contract, unless otherwise agreed.
In accordance with: under; pursuant to these three phrases are for the FOB, “in accordance with the” solution, commonly used phrases in the legal documents, than according to formally take a look at the Liwen: Example 1: On the basis, the Buyer shall the book shipping space in accordance with the date of shipment specified in the contract. article:
★ in accordance with the date of shipment: pay according to the date of shipment
★ FOB = Free on board: board goods in accordance with the provisions of the International Chamber of Commerce announced in September 1999, 2000 Incoterms Rules for the Interpretation of “This term, the seller of the goods to the port of shipment specified in the contract loaded to the buyer ship delivery is complete. the seller to bear the goods over the side of the ship before the risks and costs; the buyer the risks and costs of the subsequent use of this term, often in the FOB behind to indicate the port of shipment names, such as FOB Shanghai.
★ book shipping space: consistent set of accommodation. the original can be translated as: In accordance with the FOB terms, the buyer is responsible for accommodation of the date of shipment contact given under the Contract. Note: The text of the buyer or seller, the specialized vocabulary of the contract, must be uppercase. Chinese to English when this case 2: When, under the Hurtado De Notaris and approval from the relevant authorities, a limited liability company is converted into a company limited by shares, the total amount which shares are converted into shall be equivalent to the amount of the company the net assets in:
★ under the Hurtado De Notaris: in accordance with the law, in accordance with the law
★ a limited liability company: the limited liability company
★ a company limited by shares: Co., Ltd. ★ be equivalent to: equal, equivalent to
★ the amount of the company the net assets: net assets amount of the original can be translated as: a limited liability company in accordance with the law is approved in the shares Co., Ltd., the total shares shall equal to the net assets.
4. Provided that Provided that: but the provisions of regulations; However, the meaning of a provision of the contract need for further provisions provided for tone turning used this phrase in Chinese to English, to learn to use this phrase, sometimes Chinese literally no “rule”, or “further provides that” the word speech, but with this meaning, the first Chinese language translation if they contain these two righteous should be used “provided that” phrase Example: An irrevocable credit shall be deemed to constitute a definite under taking of the in scribed with bank. Provided that if the stipulated documents are presented and are complied with the terms, conditions and provisions of the credit, and if the credit provides for sight payment, the payment shall be made or shall be guaranteed to be made.
★ provided that the letter of credit commitment made further provisions of
★ be deemed to be considered and regarded as so on, is the official language of legal documents, “be believed
★ shall be deemed to constitute a definite undertaking of the issuing bank: quilt think that constitutes a definite undertaking of the issuing bank.
★ Irrevocable The revocable plus negative prefix constitute irrevocable meaning. < br />
★ of The credit provides for sight payment: payment at sight letter of credit. original text can be translated as: irrevocable letter of credit shall be deemed to constitute the issuing bank commitments under, but the requirement if the person filing the stipulated documents and compliance with credit terms, and the Department of sight payment letter of credit, make a payment or guarantee of that subsection or Pay In addition to the commonly used phrase in the above-mentioned legal documents, there are several, such as in respect of; in. respect thereof (on the above mentioned issues); in the event of, in the event that (if; if …….. occur when formal); in case, the (the) case of (if; case, once); be liable for; be liable to (cope with responsibility); in Testimony whereof: in Witness, whereof (as a certificate, the Teli this card); know All Men by these presents (according to this document; hereby announced); undersigned: (legal documents at the end of the signer, if before the definite article, refers to the signing of documents claiming to be; now therefore, (hereby; Therefore, it is generally used in conjunction with the whereas, behind often translated with hereby. “hereby”, “hereby”) due to the limits of space, not one by one in detail.
c) to read the contract the sentence structure of the legal documents of the contract documents and other legal documents in English structured, sentence longer sentences, which is to make the expression of the content is accurate, tight, clear, easy solution (no discrimination intended) the particular setting of the sentence which is the positioning of the adverbial, the main sentence adverbial clause adverbial various ranks that you can be handy to be confused with the attributive seriously study the sentence structure, and master the law, whether it is Chinese to English or English translation, or the terms of the intended grass
main sentence adverbial position due to the characteristics of legal language, legal documents, the English sentence adverbial has its own rules, its location and basic English in the frequency adverbs (such as often , sometime, never, etc.) the same position, is generally placed in an auxiliary verb, action verbs before, such as complex sentences, main sentence adverbial position should be placed after the shall, before the verb, such as: listen cited explain hereto this problem, there through amicable negotiations adverbial phrase inserted shall be settled between the modification to be settled: Another example of The securities regulatory authorities under the State Council Shall, in accordance with law, implement centralized and unified regulation and supervision of the securities market nationwide. of The securities regulatory authorities under the State Council may, where necessary, establish agencies that shall the perform the regulatory functions as authorized. (centralized and unified supervision and management of the securities regulatory authority under the State Council in accordance with the law to implement the national securities market State Council securities supervision and administration institution under may set up dispatched institutions, in accordance with the authorization to perform the regulatory functions) If the first sentence, insert the adverbial move to the end of the sentence, it is possible nationwide after its misunderstanding into a market nationwide attributive or adverbial, but modified verb implement is weak, a very simple example to illustrate this point, such as: I fed the white dog there. There is on the end of the sentence, it is possible to produce two Juyi: First: I fed the white dog which was there. Second: In that place the I fed the the white dog. Therefore, in order to avoid this ambiguity, the meaning of the expression is accurate, the main sentence adverbial will be firmly set in after shall, before the action verbs, most shortcut way to limit verb, to avoid misunderstanding. the second sentence, where necessary, set in between may and establish the same reason.
2. adverbial clause of legal documents, contract documents often use complex sentences, clauses, adverbial and main sentence adverbial should have their own, can not be confused with each other, a confusion, ambiguity, resulting in a contract dispute, the adverbial clause is usually locked in clause within, adverbial generally straight, on the clause conjunctions (when, if, etc.), after clause main sentence before, commonly used in a comma-separated, to show that it is inserted adverbial such as: Where, through securities trading at a stock exchange , an investor comes to hold 5 percent of shares issued by a listed company, the investor shall, within three days from the date on which such share holding becomes a fact, submit a written report to the Securities Regulatory Authorities under the State Council and the Stock Exchange, and notify the listed company and make the fact known to the public. this sentence is longer, mainly due to the adverbial attributive and adverbial clause inserted, insert an adverbial phrase adverbial clause where guided its location after the conjunctions where clause before the main sentence, that is an investor and before: this phrase is modified investor and comes to hold the way adverbial phrase put after the clause or main clause is ambiguous misunderstood factors. the main clause of the sentence after shall also insert an adverbial phrase within of three days from the the date, then pick an attributive clause modification date until a fact, submit the main clause verb and shall match, in addition to the two side by side with both verb and its object such interpretation, the sentence adverbial phrases and adverbial clause at a glance, the part of the relationship between sentence clarity. may be translated into the following Chinese: through the stock exchange securities trading, investors holding five percent of the issued shares in a listed company, it should be the date of the occurrence of that fact within three days to make a written report to the State Council securities regulatory authority, stock exchange, notify the listed company, and shall be published in an abbreviated form of the
adverbial clause adverbial clause in the sentence position in an abbreviated form should be inserted in the main clause, the position equivalent to the position of the main sentence adverbial phrase. shall , before the action verbs such as The Borrower Shall, if required, reimburse the Agent or the Bank in question the same amount of such taxes, duties, levies, penalties or interests as are paid by the Agent or the Bank, (if the correspondent or any bank to pay any such taxes, penalties and interest, the Borrower upon request shall be in full compensation agent or the line) the original if required upon request, is if like from the omission of type inserted into the main clause, the text of such ….. as determined from the relative pronoun, the word from the modification to be qualified in this way lock, with which that modification occurs ambiguity, which, or that limit
February 22, 2011
Xu Hulong– the world of legal translation
bilingual laws and regulations, and legal instruments, thesaurus, and other information legal documents in “restitution” English translation example Xuhu Long
Default Category 2011-02-22 08:10:44 0 comments: Subscribe to the tenth eight without the approval of the construction of funeral facilities without authorization, by the civil affairs department in conjunction with the construction, the land administrative department shall ban, and ordered restitution, confiscation of illegal income, can be more than one times the illegal income and impose a fine of three times. />
Of the Xu Hulong translation
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
due to a defective product causes the victims of property losses, the infringer shall be restored to its original condition or reimburse its estimated price. The victim suffers other great losses, the infringer shall compensate for the loss.
If a defect in a product causes damage to the property of the victim, the injuring party shall restore the property to its original state or pay compensation at the market price. If the victim suffers other serious losses as a result thereof, the injuring party Shall compensate for such FORMalities for
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
Article 57 in violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, the submerged line the following unauthorized new construction, expansion and renovation projects, migration management institutions by the people government above the county level based on duties, shall be ordered to stop illegal activities, the deadline for restitution may be a fine below 50,000 yuan; losses, they shall be liable for damages.
Article 57 Where, in violation of the provisions of these Regulations, any construction project is undertaken, extended or changed below the inundation line without approval, the resettlement administrative organ of the people government at or above the county level shall, according to its functions and responsibilities, order to stop the illegal activities and the original state to be restored within a specified time limit, and may impose a fine of not more than 50, 000 yuan; where any loses have been caused, the liability to pay compensations shall be borne according to law.
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
Article 104 of the unauthorized, unauthorized mining roads, occupied road construction or engaged in other effects of road traffic safety activities, and ordered to stop by the road department in charge of offense, and restitution, shall be given a fine; resulted in passage of personnel, vehicles and other property losses shall bear the compensation responsibility. With the conduct of road traffic safety activities, traffic management departments of public security organs may be ordered to stop the illegal act quickly to restore traffic
Article 104 When any units or individuals dig roads, occupy roads for construction activities or other activities without authorization and thus the road traffic safety is affected, the road authority shall order the party concerned to stop these illegal activities and to restore the road to its original status, a fine may be imposed according to law; when the above-mentioned illegal acts cause damages to the pedestrians, vehicles and other properties, the party concerned shall be liable for compensation thereto. Where the acts mentioned in the preceding paragraph affects the road traffic safety activities, the traffic administration department of public security organs shall the order the party concerned to the stop the illegal acts and restore the the traffic in acknowledgment of
【Source】 Chinese bilingual legal regulations database
Article 37 violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, the construction units engaged in construction activities, not in accordance with the requirements of additional anti-jamming facilities or new facilities for earthquake monitoring, earthquake monitoring facilities or the environment for seismicity observation cause damage, the responsible department or institution for seismic work by the seismic work of the State Council department in charge of the local people governments above the county level shall order correction, the deadline for restitution or take appropriate remedial measures; circumstances are serious, in accordance with the People Republic of China Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Act Article 43 shall be fined; constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility; losses, they shall be liable for damages.
Article 37 Any project owner who, in violation of the provisions of these Regulations, fails to set up additional anti-disturbance facilities or to build new earthquake monitoring facilities on the basis of the requirements in construction activities, and thus causes damage to earthquake monitoring facilities and seismicity observation environment shall be ordered by the competent administrative department for seismic work of the State Council or by the administrative department or institution for seismic work of the local people government at or above the county level to make corrections and to restore the previous status or to take corresponding remedial measures; if the circumstances are serious, the person shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 43 of the Law of the People Republic of China on Protecting against and Mitigating Earthquake Disasters; if a crime is constituted, an investigation shall be conducted in accordance with law to determine his criminal liability; if losses are caused, the liability for compensation shall be undertaken in accordance with law.
【Source】 Chinese the database Xuhu Long translation of the bilingual laws and regulations
Article 68 in violation of the provisions of Article 52, paragraph 2, 154 of the provisions, without approval or not to take security measures around power facilities, or in accordance with the law demarcated power facility protection zone operations, endanger the safety of power facilities by the power management department shall be ordered to cease operations, restitution and pay damages.
Article 68: Where anyone violates the second paragraph of Article 52 or Article 54 hereof by carrying out operations in the surroundings of an electric power facility or in a lawfully delimited electric power facility protection zone without approval or without having adopted the safety measures, thereby endangering the electric power facility, the electric power administration department shall the order cessation of the operations, restoration to the original state and compensation for the FORMalities for
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
Article 26 violation of these regulations, without approval or to take security measures for blasting or other operations in the vicinity of power facilities, power facilities in accordance with the law designated protected areas, threatening the power facility security, and ordered to cease operations, restitution and compensation for the loss of the power management department.
Article 26 Anyone who, in violation of these Regulations, conducts demolition or other operations, without approval or without any safety measures being taken, in the vicinity of electric power installations or in legally demarcated protection areas of electric power installations, and thus endangers the safety of electric power installations, shall be ordered by the electric power administration department to the stop operations, restore conditions to the original states and compensate for losses.
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
Article 28 Whoever violates the provisions of this Ordinance, power facilities protection areas are delineated in accordance with the law kilns burning, anchor, dragging anchor, fish, dredging operations, endanger the power facility security, and ordered to cease operations, restitution and compensation for the loss of the power management department.
Article 28 Anyone who, in violation of these Regulations, ignites kilns, burns grasses on waste lands, drops anchors, drags anchors, fishes with explosives, excavates sand, and thus endangers the safety of electric power installations shall be ordered by the electric power administration department to the stop operations, restore conditions to the original states and compensate FORMalities for
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
19 in violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, endanger the construction of power facilities, electric power administration departments shall order correction, restitution and compensation for the losses.
Article 29 Anyone who, in violation of these Regulations, endangers the construction of electric power installations shall be ordered by the electric power administration department to stop operations, restore conditions to the original states and compensate losses. < br />
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
violation of the provisions of the preceding paragraph, damage to telecommunication lines or other telecommunications facilities or impede line flow, should be restored to its original condition or be restored, and compensation for The resulting economic losses.
If the provisions of the preceding paragraph are violated, resulting in damage to telecommunications circuits or other telecommunications facilities or impeding the flow of traffic on the circuits, the facilities shall be restored to their original state or repaired and compensation shall be paid for the financial FORMalities for incurred.
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
Article 80 in violation of the provisions of Article 55 provides that, without permission in additional level crossing on the road by the traffic authorities shall order restitution, a fine of not more than five million.
Article 80: Those who in violation of Article 55 of this Law add level crossings on the road without approval shall be ordered by the department in charge of communications to restore the road to its original state and may be fined up to Rmb 50,000.
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
Article 26 damage to radio and television facilities are unable to restitution, the parties shall be liable for compensation.
Article 26 The party concerned who has damaged the radio and television facilities, thus causing impossibility to restore the facilities to their original condition, shall bear the liability for compensation.
【 Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
Article 97 of the termination of the contract not yet performed, termination fulfilled; has been performed, according to the performance and the nature of the contract, the parties may request restitution and to take other remedial measures, and the right to claim damages.
Article 97: After a contract has been terminated, any executory portion is discharged. As concerns the performed portion, a party may, depending on the status of performance and the nature of the contract, demand a return to the status quo ante, or resort to other remedies and has the right to claim damages.
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database the Xu Hulong translation
lessee without the lessor agreed to improve or add other items to the leased property, the lessor may require restitution or compensation for losses.
If the lessee makes improvements or additions to the leased object without the consent of the lessor, the lessor may demand that the lessee restore the leased object to its original state or that he pay damages.
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
Article 32 violation of these regulations, destruction or unauthorized alterations to the basic farmland protection zones signs, by the local people governments above the county level land administration The competent authorities or agricultural administrative department shall order restitution, impose a fine of 1,000 yuan.
Article 32 Whoever, in violation of the provisions of these Regulations, damages or changes without authorization signs for the capital farmland protection zones shall be ordered to restore the signs to their original state and may be fined not more than 1, Number of by the competent land administration department or the competent agriculture administration department of the local people government at or above the county level.
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
< br /> Article 25 of the construction project environmental impact report, environmental impact statement or environmental impact registration form without permission or without the original examination and approval authority to re-approval to start construction without authorization, is responsible for approving the construction project environmental impact report The book, an environmental impact statement or environmental impact registration form, environmental protection administrative department in charge shall be ordered to stop the construction deadline for restitution can be imposed a fine of 10 million.
Article 25 Anyone who commences the construction without having the environmental impact report, environmental impact statement or environmental impact registration form of the construction project approved or granted consent upon re-examination and re-verification by the original examining and approving department shall be ordered to stop the construction and restore to the original state within a specified time limit and may be imposed a fine of not more than 100, 000 yuan by the competent administrative department of environmental protection which is responsible for examining and approving the environmental impact report, environmental impact statement or environmental impact registration form of the construction project.
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
(b) open for inspection of packaging is difficult to restitution or difficult handling and transportation;
It is difficult to restitute load, the unload or transport the Commodities after opening. the the packages for inspection;
【Source】 bilingual laws and regulations database
Article 47 violation of the provisions of Article 17 of these Measures, the destruction of combat engineering camouflage closed, blocking the channel of combat engineering, Combat Engineering for heap objects, cultivation, breeding the public security organ shall order it to stop illegal activities, the deadline for restitution; losses, compensation according to law.
Article 47 Anyone who, in violation of the provisions of Article 17 of these Measures, damages the closed camouflage of operations structures, obstructs the access to or from operations structures, or uses operations structures for material storage, plant growing or animal breeding, shall be ordered by the public security organ to stop the illegal acts and restore the operations structures to their original conditions; if losses are caused, the losses shall be compensated for in accordance with law.
< br /> 【Source】 Chinese bilingual legal and regulations database
Article 50 violation of the provisions of Article 18, Article 39, Article 40, unauthorized removal, relocation, alteration of combat engineering. frontier defense installations and border facilities or moves without authorization by the city planning administrative department shall order to stop illegal activities, the deadline for restitution; losses, compensation according to law.
Article 50 Anyone who, in violation of the provisions of Article 18, Article 39 and Article 40 of these Measures, engages in unauthorized dismantlement, relocation or reconstruction of operations structures, frontier defense installations, or unauthorized removal of frontier defense installations, shall be ordered to stop the illegal acts and restore the structures and installations to their original conditions by the administrative department in charge of city planning; if losses are caused, the losses shall be compensated for in accordance with law. < br />
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database Xuhu Long translation
damage to the country collective property, or property of another, shall be restored to its original condition or reimburse its estimated price.
If State or collective property or the property of another person is damaged, such property shall be restored to its original state or monetary compensation of an equivalent value shall be paid.
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
(5) restitution;
restoring to original condition or state;
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
damage to the state, collective property, or property of others, should be restored to its original condition or reimburse its estimated price.
If State or collective property or the property of another person is damaged, such property shall be restored to its original state or monetary compensation of an equivalent value shall be paid.
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
(5) restitution;
restoring to original condition or state;
【Source】 Chinese bilingual laws and regulations database
damage to the state, collective property, or property of others, should be restored to its original condition or reimburse its estimated price.
When the property of the State, collectives or any other person is damaged, the damaged property shall be restored to its original condition or compensation shall be made at the market price of such property.
【Source】 Chinese bilingual translation of laws and regulations database Xuhu Long
July 3, 2011
BBF Note: part of the excerpt to prepare for contingencies. The house divided against itself the standard of English is often forced to translate a lot of English beyond a person ability. Part of the legal provisions is hereby reproduced. That they should be used.
The following is Part 5 to this all finished.
omitted repeat
1. Omitted
English sentences in the various parts of speech and composition, translation can be omitted, mentioned in addition to the skills of the previous translation of personal pronouns and possessive pronouns omitted In addition, there are other point of view should be omitted from grammatical and rhetorical words and phrases.
(a) Consultant will deliver to Client all Confidential Information and all copies thereof when Client requests the same of immediately upon termination of this Agreement, whichever occurs earlier, except for one copy thereof that Consultant may retain for its records.
customer requirements, or termination of this Agreement (whichever occurs first two cases the situation), the consultant will provide customers submit all confidential information and all copies, but consultants can archive except for a copy. Thereof omitted of
2. Repeat
repeat relative omitted terms of the original, in fact, can be seen as an increase in words, just add the same word. The need to repeat the translation, syntax and rhetoric of the English and Chinese, two languages ??have different
(a) After Completion, the Vendor shall not in any way hold itself out or permit itself to be held out as being interested in, or in any way connected with, the Company.
after the completion of the transaction, the seller may not claim to, nor allow others to claim that the seller has an interest in the company or any association with the company.
(b) Party A has full legal right, power and authority to execute and deliver this Contract and all of the agreement and documents referred to in this Contract to which Party A is a party and to observe and perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder.
Party in the law have the full right, power and authority to execute and deliver this Contract and references in this contract, the party is a party to all agreements and documents, abide by and fulfill its obligations under this contract and such agreements and documents.
——————————-
. translation
of Force majeure means an event beyond the control of a Party, as a result of which the Party, is unable to perform its obligations under this Contract. An event of for failure or delay to includes, but is not limited to, prohibition or acts by government or public agency, riot, war, hostility, public disturbance, strikes, other labor disputes and work stoppages, failure or interruption of transportation or other utilities, epidemic, fire, flood, earthquake, storm, tidal wave or other acts of nature.
“force majeure” means the party can not control, the party can not fulfill its obligations under this contract events. An event of force majeure, including but not limited to the ban or acts of government or public authority, riots, war, hostilities, civil commotion, strikes, other labor disputes and work stoppages, transportation or other public utilities pause or interruption, epidemics, fires, floods , earthquakes, storms, tidal waves or other natural disasters.
Force majeure preventing a party form performing any of its obligations under this Contract, in whole or in part, may be asserted against the other party only if the prevented party give notice by registered mail of the inception and cessation of the force majeure within fifteen (15) days in each case enclosing a confirmation by the proper authorities or published information attesting the reality of the facts and the accuracy of the data supplied. A party claiming force majeure has the burden to prove the direct relationship between the force majeure and the non-performance of its obligations under this Agreement.
party due to force majeure, and not in whole or in part, to fulfill any obligation under this contract, notify the other party to force majeure the existence of conditions suffered side to the force majeure and termination within fifteen (15) days, respectively, start and termination of the force majeure notice by registered letter sent to the other party, together with the relevant authorities prove or published the news to prove the truth and accuracy of the material provided. The party claiming force majeure has the burden to prove the direct relationship between force majeure, the obligations of the parties fails to perform under this contract.
2. Should any Party be directly prevented from executing this Agreement or be delayed in performing this Agreement by any event of force majeure, such as earthquake, typhoon, flood, fire and war and other unforeseen events, the happening and consequences of which are unpreventable and unavoidable, the affected Party shall notify the other Parties without delay and, within fifteen (15) days thereafter, provide detailed information regarding the events of force majeure and sufficient proof thereof, explaining the reason for its inability to perform or the delay in the execution of all or part of this Agreement. A certificate issued by the Chamber of Commerce or other appropriate authority where such circumstances occur shall be sufficient proof of the existence of such circumstances and their duration. The Parties shall , through consultations, decide whether to alter the Agreement to reflect the effects of the event of force majeure on the performance of this Agreement or to terminate the Agreement in the event that such force majeure persists for a period of six (6) months or more
If any party due to force majeure of time, such as earthquakes, typhoons, floods, fires, wars, its occurrence and consequences of non-prevention and the direct impact of inevitable accident, is unable to perform or delay in fulfillment this Agreement, the affected party shall immediately notify the other party, and in the subsequent fifteen (15) days to provide information about the details of the force majeure time and sufficient evidence, to explain the reasons for its failure to perform or delay in performance of this Agreement in whole or in part . Force majeure events to the Chamber of Commerce or other certificate issued by relevant departments, should be sufficient to prove the existence and continuity of the time the event of force majeure case. If the force majeure event continues for more than six (6) months, the two sides through consultations and decided to change the agreement to reflect an event of force majeure the performance of this contract, or termination of this Agreement.
3. If one Party is prevented from performing any of its obligations under this Agreement due to an event of force majeure, the time for performing the obligations under this Agreement specifically prevented from performance by such event of force majeure shall be extended by a period equal to the period of delay caused by such event of force majeure. The party claiming inability to perform its obligations due to an event of force majeure shall take appropriate measures to minimise or remove the effects of the event of force majeure and, within the shortest possible time, do its best to resume performance of the obligation (s) affected by the event of force majeure. If an event of force majeure occurs, neither party shall be responsible for any damage, increased cost or loss which the other party may sustain by reason of such a failure or delay of performance, and such failure or delay shall not be deemed a breach of this Agreement. All other obligations under this Agreement and the time for performance thereof shall not be affected thereby
If one side due to force majeure event is unable to perform any obligation under this Agreement, subject to the obligations under this Agreement, force majeure events, the time for performance shall be extended, the extended period of time equal to the event of force majeure caused by the delay. Claimed force majeure event is unable to perform the obligations of a party shall take appropriate measures to reduce or eliminate the influence of the force majeure event, and efforts to resume performance of its obligations by force majeure events in the shortest possible time security. Case of force majeure, either party do not need to failure or delay to fulfill its obligations due to force majeure, the other party may suffer any damage, costs or liable for loss, and such failure or delay shall not be regarded as breach of the agreement. All other obligations under this Agreement and its performance time should not be affected.
4. Notices or other communications required to be given by one Party pursuant to this Agreement shall be written in Chinese and may be delivered personally, sent by registered airmail (postage paid), by courier service or by facsimile transmission to the address of the other party set forth below or to such other address as may from time to time be designated by such party through notification to the other Party. The dates on such notices shall be deemed to have been effectively given shall be determined as follows:
(a) Notices given by personal delivery shall be deemed effectively given on the date of personal delivery, provided that receipt shall be acknowledged in writing by the receiving party;
< br /> (b) Notices sent by registered airmail (postage prepaid) shall be deemed effectively given on the tenth (10th) day after the date on which they were mailed (as indicated by the postmark);
(c) Notices sent by courier shall be deemed effectively given on the third (3rd) day after they were sent by courier service;
(d) Notices sent by facsimile transmission shall be deemed effectively given on the first (1st) business day following the date of transmission, as indicated on the document in question.
During the valid term of this Agreement, if any party changes its address at any time, it shall forthwith the notify the other party in writing of such change.
party under this Agreement requires a notice or other correspondence England written in Chinese by hand delivery, registered airmail (postage prepaid), courier or fax to those who sent to the recipient address, or change the side from time to time, comrades of the sender to develop address. Notice as effectively be served by the methods described below:
(a) hand delivery, and served on the date deemed to be effective to send, the recipient shall be in writing to confirm receipt of notification ;
(b) mailed by registered air mail (postage prepaid), sent (according to postmark) after the tenth (10th) day deemed effectively given;
(c) pay courier sent by express sent after the third (3rd) day as effectively served;
(d) sent by facsimile transmission date ( The date of the transfer documents deemed effectively given by) after the first (1st) business days.
in the period of this Agreement, if any party at any time change its address, you should immediately notify the other party in writing.
supplement the translation practice
If the one Party, has been prevented from preventing its responsibilities stipulated in the Contract because of an the Event of for failure or delay to it shall the notify the other Party in writing within fifteen (15) days after the occurrence of such Event of Force Majeure, and both Parties shall use reasonable endeavors to mitigate damages, to the extent possible. If an Event of Force Majeure occurs, neither Party shall be responsible for any damage, increased costs or loss which the other Party may sustain by reason of such a failure or delay of performance, and such failure or delay shall not be deemed a breach of this Contract. A party claiming inability to perform due to an Event of Force Majeure shall take appropriate means to minimize or remove the effects of the Event of Force Majeure and, within the shortest possible time, attempt to resume performance of the obligation affected by the Event of Force Majeure.
If either party due to force majeure events can not fulfill the obligations under this contract, shall notify the other party in writing within fifteen (15) days after the force majeure event occurs, and both parties shall take reasonable steps to minimize the damage. Case of force majeure, either party without the need for its failure or delay to fulfill righteousness and the other party may suffer damage, increased costs or liable for loss, which fails to perform or delay shall not be regarded as a breach of this Contract. The party claimed force majeure event can not be compliance should be an appropriate way to reduce or eliminate the impact of the force majeure event, and within the shortest possible time, and strive to re-perform the obligations by force majeure events.
2. Any notice required to be given hereunder shall be considered properly given if sent by registered airmail or courier or by facsimile to the address of the other Party indicated below or to such other address as the addressee shall have furnished in writing to the addresser and shall take effect on the date of dispatch.
comrades issued pursuant to this Agreement requirements, if sent by registered letter by air or by courier or by fax sent to the other shown below address or other address provided by the recipient to the sender in writing, shall be deemed effectively served, and the send date of entry into force.
3. Notices required or permitted under this Contract shall be effective if given in writing, written in English, sent by registered airmail, or by telex or facsimile confirmed by registered air mail letter, return receipt requested, addressed as follows; unless otherwise specified in this Contract, notices shall be effective from the date of receipt of the telex or facsimile or in the event a telex or facsimile is not received, eight (8) days after the service of the registered letter.
notice required or permitted by this contract shall be written in English format, registered letter by air mail or by telex or facsimile, registered airmail letter of confirmation, return receipt requested, address below before taking effect. Unless otherwise provided herein, notice to take effect since the date of the telex or fax, or commencement of eight (8) days after the registered letter sent by telex or fax.
